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第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

53.A.provide B .buy C. give D. deliver 54. A grow B .survive C. move D. gather 55.A difficult B .random C ,firm D. wise

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Day school Program

Secondary students across Toronto District School Board(TDSB) are invited to take one or two e-Learning courses on their day school timetable. Students will remain on the roll at their day school.

The on-line classroom provides an innovative, relevant and interactive Learning environment. The courses and on-line classroom are provided by the Ministry of Education

These on-line courses

● are taught by TDSB secondary school teachers ● are part of the TDSB Student’s timetable; and

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● appear on the Student’s report upon completion Benefits of e-Learning Include:

● Access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school ● Using technology to provide students with current information; and ● assistance to solve timetable conflicts Is e-Learning for You?

Students who are successful in on-line course are usually;

able to plan, organize time and complete assignments and activities capable of working independently in a responsible and honest manner; and , able to regularly use a computer or mobile device with internet access Students need to spend at least as much time with their on-line course work as they would in a face-to-face classroom course

56.E-Learning courses are different from other TDSB courses in that . A. they are given by best TDSB teachers. B. they are not on the day school timetable. C. they are not included on students’ reports. D. they are an addition to TDSB courses.

57.What do students need to do before completing e-learning courses?

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B

Chimps(黑猩猩) will cooperate in certain ways., like gathering in war parties to protect their territory. But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings, they have little instinct (本能) to help one another. Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves. Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children. Who are able from a young age to gather their own food.

In the laboratory, chimps don’t naturally share food either. If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or, with no great effort, a plate that also provides food for a neighbor to the next cage, he will pull at random ---he just doesn’t care whether his neighbor gets fed or not. Chimps are truly selfish.

Human children, on the other hand are extremely corporative. From the earliest ages, they decide to help others, to share information and to participate a achieving common goals. The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of expensive with very young children. He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an worried *** with hands full trying to open a door, almost all will immediately try to help.

There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help, inform and share

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A. To learn information technology on-line. B. To do their assignments independently. C. To update their mobile devices regularly. D. To talk face to face with their teachers.

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are not taught .but naturally possessed in young children. One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train children to behave socially. Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded.

A

third

reason

is

that

social

（

认

intelligence. 知

的

）

Develops in children before their general cognitive

skills,at least when compared with chimps..In tests conducted by Tomtasell, the children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests, but were considerably better at understanding the social world

The cure of what children’s minds have and chimps’ don’t in what Tomasello calls what. Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking. But that, even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose. They actively seek to be part of a “we”, a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.

58. what can we learn from the experiment with chimps? A Chimps seldom care about others’ interests. B. Chimps tend to provide food for their children. C. Chimps like to take in their neighbors’ food. D. Chimps naturally share food with each other.

59. Micheal Tomasello’s tests on young children indicate that they____ A. have the instinct to help others. B. know how to offer help to ***s. C. know the world better than chimps.

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D. trust ***s with their hands full 60. The passage is mainly about ____

A. the helping behaviors of young children. B. ways to train children’s shared intentionality. C. cooperation as a distinctive human nature. D. the development of intelligence in children.

C

El Nifio, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman sho noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.

The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Nifio in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.

But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱）in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Nino may relieve the drought in California, they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.

The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Ninos come with months of warning,

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